1 week 3 days ago
Indigenous peoples in Canada are considered the highest-risk populations for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Quality improvement (QI) strategies may be considered effective interventions to improving T2DM health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to understand experiences associated with the implementation of the SOAR QI program to improve prevention and management of T2DM.
Melanie Dissanayake, Romina Pace, Stewart Harris
1 week 6 days ago
Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis (OP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This retrospective cohort study assessed the predictive value of serum ATF4 and MAGE for the occurrence of OP in T2DM patients.
Jing Zhang, Wei Huang
2 weeks 6 days ago
Women with gestational diabetes (GDM) are advised to undergo an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) within 6-months postpartum, owing to their elevated risk of developing pre-diabetes/diabetes. However, the optimal approach to glycemic surveillance in the years thereafter is unclear. We thus sought to compare OGTT and A1C for chronic monitoring of women with previous GDM.
RAVI RETNAKARAN, JIAJIE PU, ANTHONY HANLEY, BERNARD ZINMAN
2 weeks 6 days ago
In type 2 diabetes (T2D), formation of toxic protein aggregates named amyloid in pancreatic islets contributes to islet inflammation, and beta-cell dysfunction and death, by promoting IL-1beta production and activation of the Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway. Islet macrophages are the main source of amyloid-induced IL-1beta production. We examined the effects of amyloid formation on pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) islet macrophages.
DANISH MALHOTRA, JANESSA SAWATZKY, LUCY MARZBAN
2 weeks 6 days ago
Addressing the disproportionate rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among Indigenous peoples in Canada requires innovative, community-engaged efforts. Through a multi-phase study, our team of researchers, clinicians, Knowledge Keepers, people with Indigenous living experience, and community representatives is collaboratively developing strategies for promoting health and wellness among Indigenous youth with an aim to prevent T2D. The overall research purpose is to co-design culturally-informed, community-specific educational resources that support healthy living and T2D prevention among youth.
SHELLEY SPURR, MERIDITH BURLES, JILL BALLY, ALLISON CAMMER, CATHY LANGDON
2 weeks 6 days ago
In 2022, the FDA approved the anti-CD3 immunotherapy teplizumab to delay symptomatic type 1 diabetes (T1D), although the mechanism involved remains unclear. Evidence shows some β cells escape death and instead undergo senescence during T1D. This study aimed to determine whether anti-CD3, which mitigates β-cell destruction by cytotoxic T cells, also impacts senescent β-cell accumulation during T1D.
JASMINE PIPELLA, NAYARA RAMPAZZO MORELLI, PETER THOMPSON
2 weeks 6 days ago
Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA), characterized by gradual autoimmune destruction of beta cells that spans between type 1 and type 2 diabetes, currently lacks a comprehensive assessment for diabetes distress.
MAYA NEHME, MOHAMAD ISSA, ANNE-SOPHIE BRAZEAU, AMELIE ROY-FLEMING, SARAH HAAG, NADINE TALEB, CATHERINE LEROUX
2 weeks 6 days ago
Endothelial dysfunction, central to the development of chronic diabetic complications, often manifests in the form of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), where endothelial cells lose their endothelial properties and adopt mesenchymal-like phenotypes. miR-9 is a key regulator of glucose-induced EndMT in the retina and heart, however, the relation between high glucose and miR-9 suppression remains unclear. We hypothesized that despite playing a key role in EndMT in both organs, the regulatory linkage between high glucose and miR-9 inhibition differ between the retina and heart.
ERIC WANG, BIAO FENG, SUBRATA CHAKRABARTI
2 weeks 6 days ago
Patient decision aids (PtDAs) are evidence-based interventions designed to help patients make informed health decisions aligned with their values and preferences. The aim of this sub-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of PtDAs for adults facing diabetes-related screening, prevention, and treatment decisions.
SANDHYA GOGE, CHRISTOPHER TRAN, DAWN STACEY, KRYSTINA LEWIS, MEG CARLEY, CAROL BENNETT
2 weeks 6 days ago
Diabetes disproportionately affects Indigenous communities in Canada, with higher prevalence rates and severe complications. Historical trauma, socio-economic disparities, and inappropriate health-care practices compound these challenges. This case study examines the model of care of the Indigenous Diabetes Health Circle (IDHC) and its impact on Indigenous communities in Ontario. After obtaining internal ethical approval, a researcher immersed themselves within the IDHC for 6 months, observing frontline worker-client interactions and videos, and documenting the organization's culturally safe practices, utilizing ethnographic methods.
SAMAH HASSAN, ROSLYNN BAIRD, AUTUMN WATSON, JAMES BOWEN, SUJA MATHEW, VALERIA RAC
2 weeks 6 days ago
Regular physical activity (PA) benefits those with type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet many are below recommended activity levels. This study aimed to assess knowledge and barriers to PA in the T1D population using an online questionnaire.
ALEXANDER ST JOHN, CATRIONA FARRELL, MONEEZA SIDDIQUI, ANNA BARNETT, RORY MCCRIMMON, ALISON MCNEILLY
2 weeks 6 days ago
In Canada, Indigenous (First Nation, Métis, and Inuit) children and youth are experiencing an epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Given the prevalence of pediatric T2D and its impact on Indigenous youth and their families, effective culture-based interventions are urgently needed to promote improved health outcomes. The purpose of this research project is to co-create culture-based T2D education interventions among youth. In this presentation, we describe the findings outlining the Knowledge Keepers and adult participants’ conceptions of hope with respect to health promotion and T2D prevention which are providing the foundation for co-developing education interventions.
SHELLEY SPURR, JILL BALLY, MERIDITH BURLES, CATHY LANGDON, ALLISON CAMMER
2 weeks 6 days ago
Incretin receptor agonists, including GLP1, are used extensively to treat type 2 diabetes, and restore both insulin secretion and sensitivity. To explore how GLP1 agonism impacts islet β-cell Ca2+ dynamics in vivo, we engrafted islets expressing the calcium indicator GCaMP6f into the anterior eye chamber (ACE) of control, diet- or genetically-induced hyperglycemic mice. Following engraftment (21 weeks-post-surgery), islet Ca2+ was monitored by confocal imaging through the front of the eye in anesthetized animals at days 0, 1, and 7.
LUIS FERNANDO DELGADILLO-SILVA, SHADAI SALAZAR, PRISCILA CARAPETO, SANDRA LAROUCHE, AUDREY PROVENCHER-GIRARD, ALEXANDRE PRAT, GUY A. RUTTER
2 weeks 6 days ago
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common complication of diabetes that can lead to heart failure. In this study, we investigated mechanisms through which cell death occurs in cultured H9c2 cardiomyoblasts treated with high glucose (25 mM). We examined the cardioprotective effects of the adiponectin receptor agonist, ALY688, and the mechanisms through which the protective effects are exerted, namely attenuation of inflammation and induction of autophagy. Western blot to detect caspase-3 showed a significant increase in cleaved caspase-3 levels following 24-hour treatment under high-glucose conditions compared to normal glucose, indicating activation of apoptosis in H9c2 cells.
SAHER AHMED, CARINA TANG, KHANG NGUYEN, EDDIE TAM, HYE KYOUNG SUNG, ALI ABDUL-SATER, GARY SWEENEY
2 weeks 6 days ago
Obesity-related heart disease is associated with metabolic remodeling and defective organelle function in the cardiomyocyte. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is the bona fide regulator of lysosomal function. Fatty acid overload depletes TFEB, perturbing lysosomal function. We tested the hypothesis that a decline in cardiomyocyte TFEB during diet-induced obesity (DIO) remodels energy metabolism and triggers cardiac dysfunction. Wild type (TFEBfl/fl -/-) and cardiomyocyte TFEB knockout (TFEBfl/fl Cre/-) mice were fed low-fat (LF;10 kcal% from fat) or high-fat (HF; 60 kcal% from fat) diet for 20 weeks.
GURPREET KAUR, SHANMUGASUNDARAM PAKKIRISWAMI, ADITHI PISAPATI, PURVI TRIVEDI, NEHAL WADNIKOP, ALEX QUINN, WAI NIANG, ANGELLA MERCER, PETRA KIENESBERGER, THOMAS PULINILKUNNIL
2 weeks 6 days ago
Metabolic disorders are associated with changes in the intestinal microbiome which produces metabolites that are substrates for host metabolism. Our group previously showed that D-lactate, the enantiomer of L-lactate, is a key bacterial-derived substrate contributing to liver glycogen and fat. Therefore, we aimed to understand the role of D-lactate in hyperglycemia. We show that D-lactate levels in portal serum are significantly higher in hyperglycemic and normoglycemic obese mice relative to their healthy controls.
DANA KUKJE ZADA, HAN FANG, CLAUDIA GAGNON, ANDRÉ TCHERNOF, ANDRÉ MARETTE, JONATHAN SCHERTZER
2 weeks 6 days ago
We evaluated associations between social disadvantage and insulin pump use among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the context of a universal publicly-funded insulin pump program, and whether social disparities in insulin pump program enrollment have decreased over time.
YOUSTINA SOLIMAN, ALANNA WEISMAN, KARL EVERETT, RAYZEL SHULMAN, PETER AUSTIN, LORRAINE L. LIPSCOMBE, GILLIAN BOOTH
2 weeks 6 days ago
Device-based physical activity and weight self-monitoring are understudied in gestational diabetes (GDM), despite the importance of health behaviours to maternal and fetal outcomes.
KABERI DASGUPTA, DEBBIE CHAN, RACHEL TALIA BOND, SUSAN JOANNE WANG, NATASHA GARFIELD, JILLIAN COOLEN, ILANA HALPERIN, TRICIA M. PETERS, GARRY X. SHEN, JENNIFER YAMAMOTO, SONIA BUTALIA, JOHN DOWLING, LAURA RENDON, KATE HAICHIN, ARIANE GODBOUT, DEBORAH DA…
2 weeks 6 days ago
Beta cells adapt to metabolic stressors by increasing insulin secretion to prevent diabetes. We have shown that prolactin receptor (Prlr) is required for beta-cell adaptation to insulin resistance of pregnancy. Moreover, when multiparous Prlr-null (βPrlr-/-) female mice were challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD), they became glucose intolerant. Interestingly, while Prlr signaling regulates beta-cell proliferation during pregnancy, Prlr signaling appears to regulate insulin content and incretin receptor expression in response to obesity.
DANIEL LEE, RANEET KAHLON, CAROL HUANG
2 weeks 6 days ago
No randomized, controlled trial has assessed the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous semaglutide in type 1 diabetes.
MELISSA-ROSINA PASQUA, MICHAEL TSOUKAS, ADNAN JAFAR, AHMAD HAIDAR, ALESSANDRA KOBAYATI
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2 hours 30 minutes ago
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